The calendar of the most important events in the history of Torun

1228 - the Mazovian Ruler donated the Chelmno Land to the Order

ok. 1231 - Teutonic Knights settle on the site of the present-day village of Stary Torun; development of a settlement called Torun

1233 - Torun receives city statutes

ok. 1236 -Torun is moved to the present location of the Old Town, then the Teutonic Knights' castle is relocated too

1239 - the Franciscans settle in today's Old Town, construction of the Church of the Virgin Mary and a monastery

1242 - successful defense against the troops of the Gdansk prince Swietopelk, who besieged Torun

1252 - release Merchants from Torun from duty

1259 - a merchant house built in Old Town Hall Square

1264 - New Torun receives city sights.

1274-1279 -bread benches and stalls, the first town hall steeple, scales and a courthouse are constructed

ok. 1280 -Torun becomes a member of the Hanseatic League

1303 - construction of the New Town Hall begins

1311 - a Cistercian nunnery founded, which followed the Benedictine rules

1343 -construction of stalls around the merchant house in Old Town Rynek Square

ok. 1350-1370 extension of the Franciscan Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary

1351 - great fire of the city

1385 - the Old Town Hall steeple raised to today's height

1393 - the City Council granted the privilege to build a new town hall, the blacksmith journeymen's strike

1397 - Salamander Society formed

1401 - Council orders paving of some streets in the suburbs

1407-1433 - construction of the present steeple of the Church of SS Johns

1410 - following the battle of Grunwald, Torun surrenders to the King of Poland; castle occupied by Polish forces

1411 - Teutonic Knights return to the city and castle; reprisals against the burghers supporting the Polish monarch. The First Torun Peace Agreement

1414 - destruction of Torun suburbs as a result of fighting between Polish and Teutonic forces

1418 - a mechanical clock mounted on the steeple of the Old Town Hall

1419 - construction of the first bridge opposite the Old Town Bridge Gate

1424 - construction of the barbican at the Old Torun Gate

ok. 1425 - beginning of the construction of the Dybow castle founded by king Vladislav Jagiello; the beginning of Nieszwa, settlement situated on the opposite site of Torun

1430 - construction of the dome on the Old Town Hall

1433 - the Old Torun mayor, Rosep, addresses a declaration to the Grand Master and the Commanders of the Teutonic Order: "If the wars with Poland do not cease we shall seek a master who will bring upon us peace and calm"

1440 - Torun took part in Prussian Union's foundation in Kwidzyn

1454	4 February:	the Secret Council of the Prussian Union refuses obedience to the Teutonic Order
	6 February:	rioting patricians attack the Knights' castle in Torun - a signal for a Prussian uprising against the Order
	8 February:	the Teutonic Order's castle capitulates
	6 March::	King Casimir Jagiellonczyk issues the act of incorporation of Prussia into the Kingdom of Poland; the King pledges to demolish the competitive Nieszawa within three years
	8 March:	subordination the New Town to the Old Town Council; the Old Town and New Towns unification
	28 May:	the knights and the towns of the Chelmno land pay tribute to King Casimir Jagiellonczyk in Old Town Rynek Square

1455 - the town besieged by the Teutonic Knights; part of New Town destroyed by fire, including the steeple of St. James' Church, soon rebuilt

1456 - the people riot against the Council because of excessive taxes connected with war against the Knights; Polish and Gdansk troops suppress the riot ; public execution of 72 of the most active participants of the riots

1457 - 26 - August: in Malbork, King Casimir Jagiellonczyk grants Torun privileges, whereby he confirms the Old and New Town unification and repeals their duty to make regular payments to the Teutonic Order; Torun receives the right of judicature within the area of the town and its lands and the privilege to mint its coin; its storage right is confirmed and Torun is granted c. 30,000 ha of the Teutonic Order's lands, including 15 nearby villages and farm estates, mills, inns, vineyards, Vistula islets and forests,

1466 - 19 - signing of a peace agreement terminating the Thirteen Years' War with the Teutonic Order (i.e. the Second Torun Peace Agreement)

1468-1473 - extension of the Old Town Church of SS Johns

1473 - 19 Nicolaus Copernicus is born in Sw. Anny St.

1485 - beginning of the Congress of Prussian States

1489 - construction of the summer villa of the Brotherhood of St. George and establishment of a rifle range in the moat near the ruins of the Teutonic Order's castle

1496 - King John Olbracht grants Torun the privilege to build a permanent bridge opposite the Bridge Gate

1497-1500 - Jan Postillo of Budziszyn builds the bridge for which the city obtained a privilege from King John Olbracht

1500 - the Church of SS Johns receives the "Tuba Dei" bell, cast in Torun and the largest in Poland at that time

1521 - conclusion the Polish and Teutonic Order's armistice (i.e. Torun's Compromise).

1523 - guild members riot against the Council, which is accused, among others, of huge misappropriation of funds

1528 - the royal mint opens in Mostowa St. in the Old Town; thet was active only for 7 years

1537 - limitation of Torun's storage right only to herrings and salt and gradual monopolization of this commercial branch by Torun merchants

1558 - Lutheranism officially allowed in Torun

1568 - Torun Grammar School founded, the first print shop in Torun

1603 -the Old Town Hall is rebuilt and receives a one more floor

1626 - the Polish Sejm's sitting

1629 - Swedish siege repelled, construction of Dutch-style bastion-type fortifications

1644 - S. Sokolowski founds the Church of SS Peter and Paul and the Reformati convent in Podgorz

1645 - Colloquium Charitativum, an attempt at an agreement between the Protestants and the Catholics

1655 - Torun surrenders after the second Swedish siege

1658 -Torun recaptured by Polish troops after many months of siege

1693 - the facade of the Dabskis' palace at 8 Zeglarska St. receives its Baroque decorations

1697 - "The Star" town house at 35 Old Town Rynek Square receives Baroque decorations of its fa?ade and staircase

1703 - siege by Swedish troops; significant destruction of the Old Town and the fire of the Old Town Hall resulting from artillery shelling

1724 - 'the Torun Tumult' - that means Catholic and Lutherans's conflict

1739 - the Meissner palace built at 8 Old Town Rynek Square

1742 - construction of the Fengers' palace at 14 Mostowa St.

1756 - completion of the construction of an Evangelical church (now the Church of the Holy Ghost) in Old Town Rynek Square by the architect A. Baehr from Dresden and E. Schroeger from Torun

1771 - Samuel Bogumil Linde is born - author of "The Polish dictionary"

1793	23 January:	city gates are closed as a demonstration against the Prussian troops entering the city
	8 April:	Prussian commissioners issue a decree incorporating certain Polish lands, including Torun and Gdansk, into Prussia

1806 - bargemen assist French troops attacking the city

1807 - Torun become part of the Grand Duchy of Warsaw

1809 - the city besieged by the Austrian army

1809-1812 -construction of a new system of defensive fortifications consisting of 12 bastions built of brick and stone

1811-1814 - the Churches of St. George and St. Laurence are pulled down

1813 - completely destruction all of suburbs by Frenchmen during arrangements to defense, significant destroy of the city as a result of Russian siege

1818 - the Prussians begin construction of a new fortification system

1820-1824 - construction of a cart house and artillery arsenals

1853 - Nicolaus Copernicus Monument's ceremonial disclosure

1856 - first-ever edition of Adam Mickiewicz's "Pan Tadeusz"on the Polish soil

1862 - construction of the railway connection between Bydgoszcz and Warsaw

1871 - Torun is granted the status of a Prussian class I fortress; intensive construction of new fortifications on the left and right banks of the Vistula

1873-1889 - most of the medieval defensive walls, towers and gates are pulled down

1875 - Torun Scientific Society formed

1881 - construction of a neo-Gothic post office in Old Town Rynek Square

1894-1897 - construction of a neo-Gothic Garrison Church of St. Catherine

1897-1899 - erection of a steeple on the Evangelical church in Old Town Rynek Square

1899 - the first electric tram rode through Torun

1901-1904 - construction of neo-Gothic buildings for the municipal government, the police, the fire brigade and a new Reformed Evangelical church

1904 - construction of a Secession-style theatre designed by Viennese architects F. Fellner and H. Helner

1907 - construction of the neo-Gothic School of Industry (currently Collegium Maius of Nicolaus Copernicus University) and a neo-Renaissance bank building in today's Rapackiego Square

1920 - January: after fights with the Grenzschutz, a Polish commissioner-mayor, dr Otto Steinborn, is appointed; Torun becomes the capital city of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, with the headquarters of the Pomeranian District of the Polish State Railways and the Commander in Chief of the VIII Military District

1928-1935 - construction of the edifices of Pomeranian District of Polish State Railways (designed by F. Polkowski-Krzywda), Agricultural Bank (R. Gutt), Municipal Savings Bank (I. Wierzbicki), Public Forest Administration (K. Ulatowski) (with sculptures by I. Zelek), Social House (now Students' Hostel No. 1) (K. Ulatowski), and the Polish Radio Broadcasting Station (A. Dygat)

1931 - the beginning of the city's intensive extension , reconstruction of city communication system

1934 -.finish of the bridge's construction, which was started in 1928

1939 - 7 September: beginning of the Nazi occupation

1945	1 February:	liberation of the city by Russian troops
	24 July:	decree about the creation of the Nicolaus Copernicus University; Voivodeship capital moved to Bydgoszcz

1948-1950 -construction of the Pomeranian Factory of Low Voltage Equipment

1958 - preparation and publication of the conservation programme of the Old Town District (author - B. Rymaszewski)

1958-1964 - the Old Town Hall is redecorated and adapted to serve as a museum

1964 - unveiling of the late-Gothic fa?ade of Copernicus' House at 17 Kopernika St.

1964-1970 - construction of large factories: Elana Plastics Factory, Worsted Wool Spinning Factory in Torun, Torun Branch of the Gdansk Towimor Shipyard

1966 - celebration of the 500th anniversary of the signing of the Second Torun Peace Agreement; completion of the archaeological and conservation project carried out in the Teutonic Order's castle from 1958

1967 -beginning of construction of the University campus - head designer R. Karlowicz

1973 - celebration of the 500th anniversary of Nicolaus Copernicus' birth; first stage of the conservation project in the Old Town completed; Nicolaus Copernicus' Museum opens in the buildings at 15 and 17 Kopernika St

1975 - Torun Voivodeship established

1992 -the Torun Diocese established

1993 - the "Wyzsze Seminarium Duchowne " established

1997 - Torun become registered on The World Heritage List of UNESCO

1999 - 1 January: the Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voivodeship with Marshal's Office in Torun established (the Capital in Bydgoszcz)